Farming is done in large quantities in India, in which paddy cultivation is also called an important crop. More than half of India’s population consumes rice as a staple food. It is widely consumed in India and in many parts of Asia. The Basmati variety of paddy is in demand all over the world. Basmati rice is known worldwide for its distinctive aroma and taste and has been cultivated in India for hundreds of years. India and Pakistan are called the father of Basmati rice in the world. Looking at basmati’s global demand and export, it was also grown scientifically. Paddy cultivation is an important crop for farmers, which they do on a large scale.
Seed Treatment and Seed Quantity
Before planting the seeds of basmati paddy in the nursery, the roots must treated. To protect sources from bacterial blight or blight, 25 kg of references should treated with 40 gm plantomycin or 4 gm streptocycline mixed with water. After this:
- Dry it in the shade and plant it in the nursery.
- After this, germinate the seeds in the shade and grow them in the greenhouse.
- Use biopesticides for seed treatment.
Depending on the advanced varieties, 25-30 KG seeds are sufficient per hectare field. The rate of seeds per kg has to be treated with 2 GM Carbendazim and sown.
Seedling Preparation
To prepare the plant of basmati paddy, a fertile field with proper drainage should be selected. Apart from this, the source of irrigation should also be close. Plants planted in one hectare field can prepared in an area of 700 square meters. Seeds of early maturing varieties can sown in the second week of June, and late maturing varieties can planted in mid-June. Mix well rotten cow dung and compost manure in the soil of the nursery. After this, please fill the field with water and plough it, and do two to three ploughs and put a bridge. Apart from this, do proper management to prevent irrigation, weeding, diseases, and pests as per the requirement, and do not allow waterlogging in the field. Also, this farming needs efficient implement and for that Mahindra 475 tractor is best as it fulfils all the demand of farmers.
Transplanting Method
10 to 15 days before planting Basmati plants in the field, the residues of the previous crop are destroyed by filling the area with water. To make the land of the field soft and layered, two to three oblique ploughing has to done, and then the field is levelled by placing the stakes. The time of transplanting basmati rice plants affects the quality and yield of the crop. 25 to 30 days old basmati seedlings are suitable for planting in the field. Do not plant basmati plants in waterlogged areas because this harms the quality of paddy.
Manures and Fertilisers
In the cultivation of basmati paddy, the number of fertilisers and fertilisers have to given half as compared to normal paddy. But due to the short height of the new species, the demand for nitrogen is more than that of the traditional species. Additionally, traditional varieties require 50-60 kg of nitrogen, and the amount of potash and phosphorus is similar to the new variety.
Use manure and fertilisers only after testing the soil. The entire quantity of Phosphorus, Zinc and Potash has to given during field preparation. Apart from this, the remaining 1/3 amount of nitrogen has to delivered in 7 days, and the remaining 1/3 quantity has to given at the time of earning on the plants. Additionally, apply 25-30 kg zinc sulphate per hectare during field preparation.
Irrigation
Basmati paddy crop needs more irrigation. That’s why paddy crops are only where there is a proper irrigation arrangement. If the paddy crop does not get sufficient amounts of water, there is a considerable decline in the yield. During the formation of grains on Basmati paddy plants, moisture should maintained in the field. If it does not rain on time, irrigation is needed as required, which is very important for the yield. Fifteen days before harvesting Basmati paddy, remove all the water from the field so that the next crop can be grown correctly. Moreover, Eicher 188 is another advanced model for farmers.
Harvesting
Harvest the crop when 90% of the Basmati paddy grains turn from green to yellow golden colour. If harvesting is done late, crop grains start falling after sprinkling. Due to this, the crop may have to suffer. Threshing Basmati paddy immediately after harvesting so that the quality can be good. An average yield of 40 to 50 quintals is available per hectare of Basmati paddy fields based on advanced varieties whose market prices are 3 to 4 thousand rupees per quintal.
